一般社団法人 リアル・コンサベーション

Emerging infectious diseases and biodiversity

- Relevant International Treaties/Agreements/Bodies/Approaches and the national Regulations in Japan -

★ Show English translation clockwise from the top. UN conventions and institutions are shown in blue, other treaties and institutions are shown in brown, and non-binding resolutions are shown in black.

(Ａ)＆(Ｂ)The Convention on Biological Diversity 【link】

-Article 8(h) - Invasive Alien Species 【link】

-Article 8(a)-(e)-Protected Areas  【link】

-Article 8(f) -Ecosystem Restoration  【link】

-8(j) - Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities  【link】

14/4 - Health and Biodiversity  【link】 

(Ｃ)The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance especially as Waterfowl Habitat (the Ramsar Convention) 【link】

-Wet land and human health and well-being (Resolution X.23) 【link】

(Ⅾ)The Sustainable Development Goals （SDGs） 【link】【link】

Goal 3 on Good Health and Well-being 【link】

(Ｅ)The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 【link】

COP24 Special Report on Health & Climate Change 【link】

(Ｆ)Global warming and infectious diseases (MOE pamphlet)  【Japanese only】

(Ｇ)The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)  【link】

TRAFFIC BRIEFING PAPER 1COVID-19, AND ZOONOTIC DISEASE RISKS（TRAFFIC）

Illegal trade in wildlife and infectious diseases (WWF Japan) 【Japanese only】

COVID-19 AND WWF (WWF) 【link】

(Ｈ)International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) 【link】

IUCN statement on the COVID-19 pandemic 【link】

Great apes, COVID-19 and the SARS CoV-2(IUCN)

(Ｉ)The Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn Convention or CMS) 【link】

COVID-19:Legal Q&A 【link】

(Ｊ)The International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) 【link】

(Ｋ)World Trade Organization Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and  - Phytosanitary Measures 【link】

- World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) 【link】＆Statement 【link】

- OIE、Wildlife Health【link】

(Ｌ) The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) 【link】 COVID-19 Related Information 【link】

-    Codex Alimentalius (Food and Agriculture Organization & World Health Organization)【link】

The International Health Regulation (under WHO)【link】

(Ｍ)Wild Life Diseases (provisional listing)

-koi herpesvirus (KHV) 【link】cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3) 【link】

- Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Amphibian chytridmycosis)【link】

-Pseudogymnoascus destructans (bat whiteness syndrome)【link】

(Ｎ)One Health approach(CDC)【link】 One Health Initiative

(Ｏ)Zoonotic diseases 【link】

(Ｐ)Act on the Protection of Fishery Resources (e.g. Koi Herpesvirus)【Japanese only】　

(Ｑ)Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control【Japanese only】

(Ｒ)Rabies Prevention Act【Japanese only】

　Act on the Prevention of Infectious Diseases and Medical Care for Patients with Infectious Diseases (the Infectious Diseases Control Law)【Japanese only】

(Ｓ)Quarantine Act【Japanese only】

　Act on Welfare and Management of Animals  【Japanese only】

−Guidelines on zoonotic diseases in humans by the Ministry of the Environment Japan 【Japanese only】

(Ｕ)【Causes of spread of emerging infectious diseases】

 - Land use changes, including deforestation and habitat fragmentation

 - Monoculture and intense livestock productions

 - Loss of boundary of ecosystems

 - Bushmeat consumption

 - Trade in living organisms from wildlife

 - Global supply chain spreading contaminated goods and stowaways of animals

 【Impacts on economy】

 - Loss of food and faming labor supply crossing borders

 - Loss of materials supply for industry; shutdown of production lines

 - Closure of travel and tourism business

 - Financial market disruption

(Ｔ)【Possible solutions】

 - Safe and healthy interaction between human and wildlife species

 - Evidence-based land use management

 - Prevention of trade and transport of high-risk animal species

 - Red List of Ecosystems

 - Environmental risk analysis in economic and social development programmes

 - Shared responsibility in governance (Environment, Health, Agriculture, Trade, Transport, Finance, among others)

 - Good will business and financial investment

 - Public awareness on emerging infectious diseases

※Click here for pdf sheet!

Scientific Paper:

• "Global shifts in mammalian population trends reveal key predictors of virus spillover risk"

• Climate change will drive novel cross-species viral transmission

Various information:

• Special virtual session for SBSTTA-24 and SBI-03 on biodiversity, One Health and COVID-19
• Preventing the next pandemic - Zoonotic diseases and how to break the chain of transmission
• The biodiversity leader who is fighting for nature amid a pandemic
• COVID-19 updates from the GEF partnership
• GEF CEO:'We need to protect our one common home'
• On World Health Day, WWF Central and Eastern Europe Calls for a Halt to the Illegal Wildlife Trade and Forest Crime
• “COVID-19 Stimulus Measures Must Save Lives, Protect Livelihoods, and Safeguard Nature to Reduce the Risk of Future Pandemics”
• ”The biomass distribution on Earth”PNAS June 19, 2018 115 (25) 6506-6511; first published May 21, 2018
• The loss of nature and rise of pandemics
• Public calls for governments to close S.E Asia’s wildlife markets in response to COVID-19, WWF survey finds
• A Global Call to Action on COVID-19 and Wildlife Trade
• #UncommonSense: The Holocene Strikes Back
• Zoonotic pandemics, nature and human well-being. An internal science brief by the Global Science Team (Internal Q&A)